You should note, however, that in OP's case his mother does have some amount of health insurance; her case would very much fall under "no person is without care." It's the fine print of how much care is given in which the problem lies, and there is a fundamental tradeoff here that all countries implement slightly differently. Is the U.S. at the Pareto optimum, if such an optimum exists? Almost certainly not. But there's no guarantee that any other country is at this optimum themselves.