Note that it is somewhat broken for me: http://imgur.com/twIG75m
From what I see, the main work horse is this 250k "binary": https://raw.github.com/manuels/pdftex.js/master/release/pdft...
This webworker script in combination with a .fmt (latex format file) generates the PDF. All in JS. @manuels__ this is awesome!
Yes, the main work is done in the webworker (~250kb) + the tex format file latex.fmt (~700kb)
Note that it is somewhat broken for me: http://imgur.com/twIG75m