I haven't used pulp so I am not sure but yes in theory. Several schemes are currently supported via URIs (pypi://, git://, http(s):// etc...) so if the destination to scan can be formatted as one of the already supported URI schemes then you can already scan it. URI providers are also using plugin architecture so adding a new one for better integration with pulp (such as autodiscovering packages) should be trivial.
Thank you for the suggestion, the pulp project looks interesting and I would definitely check it out!