> they’re only reliable if many independent people mine
Sort of. It's a matter of establishing trust with buyers, holders, and the ecosystem. If a hypothetical 51% owner behaved as a good citizen (which is to say, their incentives were publicly aligned towards preserving value rather than exploiting double-spends), the confidence wouldn't necessarily erode. (Contrast with a nation-state or other hostile actor who performs a 51% attack with the express intent of theft or undermining trust, which has happened with smaller cryptos.)
The three largest BTC miners combined have been well over 51% of the hashpower for years now, and they could collude to crash or exploit BTC if they wanted; it's simply not currently in their interest. Yet more evidence that while Proof of Work was a clever hack in the original BTC whitepaper, it doesn't inherently lead to decentralization, and is functionally indistinguishable from Proof of Stake with extra steps.
Sort of. It's a matter of establishing trust with buyers, holders, and the ecosystem. If a hypothetical 51% owner behaved as a good citizen (which is to say, their incentives were publicly aligned towards preserving value rather than exploiting double-spends), the confidence wouldn't necessarily erode. (Contrast with a nation-state or other hostile actor who performs a 51% attack with the express intent of theft or undermining trust, which has happened with smaller cryptos.)
The three largest BTC miners combined have been well over 51% of the hashpower for years now, and they could collude to crash or exploit BTC if they wanted; it's simply not currently in their interest. Yet more evidence that while Proof of Work was a clever hack in the original BTC whitepaper, it doesn't inherently lead to decentralization, and is functionally indistinguishable from Proof of Stake with extra steps.