Content discovery does work using citations. How it can be meaningfully improved, I don't know. Often, the missing piece will come from a completely different discipline. I don't see how this gap could be bridged using only citations, unfortunately.
That's the thing. I understand that citations are good enough when you know what you're looking for (at least from my perspective), but imo there's no good solution to finding seemingly unrelated paper/research that could be 'the missing piece', hence the question about 'content discovery' :).