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Switzerland, Netherlands and Norway are a good starting point. I believe that now that privacy became a major concern, we will see countries with some legislative background and experience in other sectors that require secrecy above everything else (e.g. private banking), evolve in secure havens for servers.


The Netherlands is on its way to be removed from that short list. The new WIV20xx (charter for information and security services) gives it very broad powers against very little oversight. I have been unable to find a decent source in English, but among its provisions:

- allows for "reconnaissance" on external networks, including breaking encryption or forcing targets to divulge keys. This "reconnaissance" apparently includes installing sniffers or data probes.

- allows for untargeted data collection on wired networks (including cell phone towers)

- has provisions for forcing data transit stations (including ISP's, but also AMS-IX) to comply with requests.

Only English source I've been able to find with a quick search is https://blog.cyberwar.nl/2015/07/dutch-intelligence-bill-pro...


Switzerland has their own private domestic SIGINT network known as Onyx, and has had other surveillance scandals before. [1]

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secret_files_scandal


You link to something (Fichenaffäre) that happened more than 25 years before...


I find it reasonable to assume the program was never folded, only rearranged. Much like Total Information Awareness.


A lot has been written about secret US courts giving secret warrants to spy on US networks or force companies to give keys.

Infiltrating foreign servers, installing backdoors and such don't require any warrant or court approval.




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