On the other hand, an American company can sell your chats to adtech/insurance/your government in ways that can harm you quite directly. Something worth considering.
UB supersedes volatile, once the compiler hits UB then all bets are off. Compilers can and do optimize out UB branches, which is almost never what you want... yet here we are.
>> The moment you enter a compilation unit (assuming no link optimizations) with a state which at some point will run into undefined behavior all bets are of. [...] Yes, UB can "time travel"
> Close, but not quite. This is a common misconception in the reverse direction.
> Abstractly, what UB can do is performing the inverse of the preceding instructions, effectively making the abstract machine run in reverse. However, this is only equivalent to "time-traveling" until you get to the point of the last side effect (where "side effect" here refers to predefined operations in the standard that interact with the external world, such as I/O and volatile accesses), because only everything since that point can be optimized away under the as-if rule without altering the externally visible effects of the program.
> As a concrete, practical example, this means the following: if you do fflush(stdout); return INT_MAX + 1; the compiler cannot omit the fflush() call merely because the subsequent statement had undefined behavior. That is, the UB cannot time-travel to before the flush. What the program can do is to write garbage to the file afterward, or attempt to overwrite what you wrote in the file to revert it to its previous state, but the fflush() must still occur before anything wild happens. If nobody observes the in-between state, then the end result can look like time-travel, but if the system blocks on fflush() and the user terminates the program while it's blocked, there is no opportunity for UB.
In my experience, curiosity and intelligence are very strongly correlated. There is a real gap between people with the curiosity and ability to explore and learn, and people without. This is often handwaved as "motivation" but it's more than just that.
In fact, the gap is so large that it can be really hard for a person on one side of it to understand how people on the other side think.
I think part of it is that geniuses gets (or at least feels) rewarded whenever they try learning, while other people might not. For the same amount of effort, the amount of new knowledge gained by other people is fewer than what geniuses can get. Overtime, leaning no longer feels worth it. Thus normal people no longer feels curious while geniuses still do.
I thought of it from the other end. Curious folks end up engaging in cycles of formative learning that the less curious do not. The perceived intelligence follows. Its the process that makes the difference.
Why is what? The post is fully self explanitory. If the OP chooses to use Imgur, then a large chunk of the readers will not know what they are talking about.
As a counterpoint, I found GPT 4.5 by far the most interesting model from OpenAI in terms of depth and width of knowledge, ability to make connections and inferences and apply those in novel ways.
It didn't bench well against the other benchmaxxed models, and it was too expensive to run, but it was a glimpse of the future where more capable hardware will lead to appreciably smarter models.
I wonder why, too. Now, you can give me a reply for why you think that is, which you could have done without this comment, or you can just keep adding noise to this thread. Up to you.
reply